What is Top Surgery? Medically reviewed by Brianna Smith on April 6, 2026. Top surgery is an umbrella term that encompasses different gender-affirming surgeries that help treat the gender dysphoria that transgender, non-binary and gender-expansive patients feel with their chest. Top surgery includes: Chest reconstruction top surgery: Sometimes called FTM, chest masculinization surgery or non-binary top surgery, it involves the removal breast tissue and any excess skin to flatten the chest. Breast reduction surgery: The volume of the breasts is significantly reduced for non-binary and transmasculine patients. Breast augmentation surgery: Sometimes called MTF top surgery, we increase the volume of the breasts with implants (silicone or saline) and/or liposuction-fat grafting. …

Hormone Therapy and its Effect on Chest Reconstruction and Breast Augmentation Surgery Any individual seeking plastic surgery to alter sex characteristics to align their outward appearance with their gender identification should begin by learning as much as they can about gender dysphoria as it is defined in the ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases-10, published by the WHO-World Health Organization) or the DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, published by the American Psychiatric Association . The Three-phase Approach to Treating Gender Dysphoria Before contemplating plastic surgery to alter physical characteristics it is recommended to first seek counseling with a psychologist or psychiatrist to explore and treat the emotional damage …